Organic farming is a system of cultivation of agriculture that relies on natural ingredients without the use of synthetic chemicals. Processing of organic farming based on the principles of health, ecology, fairness and protection.
a. Soil Quality
Keeping the physical, chemical and biological soil right is important in organic farming. also, minimize soil erosion, increase soil organic matter content, promotes the quantity and diversity of soil biology.
In organic farming increase soil fertility without using synthetic chemical fertilizers. Instead used the technique - a technique as follows:
What is meant by health principles in organic farming is farming activities should pay attention to the preservation and improvement of the health of soil, plants, animals, the earth, and humanity as a whole because all the components are interrelated and inseparable. Organic farming must be based on cycles and ecological systems of life. Organic farming also should pay attention to proper justice among people and with other living creatures in the environment. To achieve the good of biological farming is necessary to manage the careful and responsible for protecting the health and well-being both in the now and in the future.
In practice, organic farming is done by, among others:
- Avoid the use of seeds / seedlings of genetically modified (GMO = genetically modified organisms).
- Avoid the use of synthetic chemical pesticides. Control of weeds, pests and diseases are done by mechanical, biological, and crop rotation.
- Avoiding the use of growth regulators (growth regulator) and synthetic chemical fertilizers. Soil fertility and productivity improved and maintained by adding crop residues, manure, natural minerals and rocks, as well as the planting of legumes and crop rotation.
- Avoiding the use of growth hormones and synthetic additives in animal feed.
Benefits of Organic Farming
Some advantages to being gained from the development of organic farming is, among other things:
1. Health
Produce enough food, safe and nutritious thus improve public health. Data show that organic agricultural practices can increase the yield of vegetables by 75% compared to conventional farming. Also, organic agricultural products also have vitamin C, potassium, and beta-carotene is higher.
Create a working environment that is safe and healthy for farmers, because farmers will be spared of exposure (exposure) the pollution caused by the use of synthetic chemicals in agricultural production.
Minimize all forms of pollution resulting from agricultural activities.
Because organic agriculture:
1.Avoid the use of synthetic chemicals and
2.Utilizing waste agricultural activities such as livestock manure and straw as compost.
Because organic agriculture:
1.Avoid the use of synthetic chemicals and
2.Utilizing waste agricultural activities such as livestock manure and straw as compost.
2. Environment
a. Soil Quality
Keeping the physical, chemical and biological soil right is important in organic farming. also, minimize soil erosion, increase soil organic matter content, promotes the quantity and diversity of soil biology.
In organic farming increase soil fertility without using synthetic chemical fertilizers. Instead used the technique - a technique as follows:
- Appropriate crop rotation mixed cropping and integration of crops with livestock.
- Improving soil microorganism populations through the use of organic fertilizers.
- Minimizing tillage which interferes with the activity of soil biota.
- Keeping the soil is always covered with organic mulch.
- Avoid excessive tillage on sloping ground to prevent erosion.
- Using plants in the strip and intercropping.
- Avoid excessive grazing.
- Do not use synthetic chemicals that poison the soil microorganisms and damage the soil structure.
b. Saving energy
The study shows that organic production systems only use 50-80% of oil energy for
produce each unit of food compared with conventional farming systems. However, this does not apply to all systems of production of vegetables and fruits.
c. Water quality
Guard water quality is imperative effort in sustainable agricultural systems (sustainable agriculture system). The facts show that the pollution of groundwater and surface water by nitrates and phosphates become common in agricultural areas. Residues of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides as well as disease-causing bacteria such as Escherichia coli are also often detected in aquatic systems.
In the area of organic agriculture, water resources maintained by avoiding agricultural practices that lead to soil erosion and leaching of nutrients, water pollution due to the use of chemicals. Manure will be utilized for organic fertilizers is managed carefully and composted before use. Also, the use of synthetic chemical fertilizers and pesticides is also prohibited in organic farming systems.
d. Air Quality
Organic farming proved capable of minimizing global climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions (greenhouse gas emission) on organic farms is lower than conventional agriculture. In organic farming does not use synthetic nitrogen fertilizers so that no emissions of nitrogen oxides from the artificial fertilizers.The use of petroleum is also lower, thus lowering the emission of carbon dioxide gas.
e. Waste management
Organic farming practices reduce the amount of waste through recycling waste into organic fertilizer.
f. Biodiversity
Organic farming not only avoids the use of synthetic pesticides but also able to create biodiversity. Practices such as crop rotation, intercropping, and conservation tillage is the things that can enhance biodiversity by providing a healthy habitat for many species ranging from microscopic fungi to large animals.
Organic farming does not use genetically modified organisms (Engineering Genetic Organism) or genetically engineered organisms (Genetically Modified Organism) as well as products for reasons of environmental safety, health and social services. Products such as these are not needed because it may cause unacceptable risks to the integrity of the species.
The study shows that organic production systems only use 50-80% of oil energy for
produce each unit of food compared with conventional farming systems. However, this does not apply to all systems of production of vegetables and fruits.
c. Water quality
Guard water quality is imperative effort in sustainable agricultural systems (sustainable agriculture system). The facts show that the pollution of groundwater and surface water by nitrates and phosphates become common in agricultural areas. Residues of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides as well as disease-causing bacteria such as Escherichia coli are also often detected in aquatic systems.
d. Air Quality
Organic farming proved capable of minimizing global climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions (greenhouse gas emission) on organic farms is lower than conventional agriculture. In organic farming does not use synthetic nitrogen fertilizers so that no emissions of nitrogen oxides from the artificial fertilizers.The use of petroleum is also lower, thus lowering the emission of carbon dioxide gas.
e. Waste management
Organic farming practices reduce the amount of waste through recycling waste into organic fertilizer.
Organic farming not only avoids the use of synthetic pesticides but also able to create biodiversity. Practices such as crop rotation, intercropping, and conservation tillage is the things that can enhance biodiversity by providing a healthy habitat for many species ranging from microscopic fungi to large animals.
Organic farming does not use genetically modified organisms (Engineering Genetic Organism) or genetically engineered organisms (Genetically Modified Organism) as well as products for reasons of environmental safety, health and social services. Products such as these are not needed because it may cause unacceptable risks to the integrity of the species.
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