The function of the fertilizer is a source of artificial nutrients needed to address nutritional deficiencies, especially the elements of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. While elemental sulfur, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc, and boron are the items that are needed in small amounts (micronutrients).
Fertilizers composed of fertilizer Organic and Inorganic fertilizer.
1. Organic Fertilizer
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Organic fertilizer is fertilizer composed of living matter, such as weathering of the remains of plants, animals, and humans. Organic fertilizers can be solid or liquid that is used to improve the physical, chemical, and biological soil. Organic fertilizer contains many organic materials rather than nutrient content. Sources of organic matter can be compost, green manure, manure, crop residues (straw, stover, corn cobs, sugarcane bagasse and coconut fiber), animal waste, industrial waste materials using agricultural and municipal wastes (garbage).
2. Inorganic Fertilizer
Inorganic Fertilizer is a fertilizer made by fertilizer factories by concocting inorganic chemicals of high nutrient levels. Eg 45-46% urea N levels (each of 100 kg urea nitrogen nutrient contained 45-46 kg) (Lingga and Marsono, 2000). Inorganic fertilizers or synthetic fertilizers can be divided into single fertilizer and compound fertilizer. Single fertilizer is a fertilizer containing only one nutrient such as fertilizer N, P fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and so on. Compound fertilizer is a fertilizer that contains more than one nutrient, for example, N + P, P + K, N + K, N + P + K, and so on.From both the fertilizer contained flaws and advantages, including:
Organic fertilizer excellence
- Organic fertilizer contains all the nutrients needed, both macro nutrients and micro nutrients. This condition is not owned by artificial fertilizers (inorganic).
- Organic fertilizers containing acid - an organic acid, such as humic acid, fulvic acids, hormones and enzymes that are not contained in artificial fertilizers are very useful both for the plant and the environment and microorganisms.
- Organic fertilizers contain macro and micro-organisms soil has a very real influence on the improvement of soil physical properties and biological properties especially land.
- Improving and maintaining soil structure.
- Being a soil pH buffers.
- Being buffer inorganic, nutrients provided.
- Help maintain soil moisture
- Safe to use in large quantities and excessive despite
- Do not damage the environment.
Organic fertilizer shortage
- Small amounts of the nutrient content, so that the amount of fertilizer given must be relatively large when compared to inorganic fertilizers.
- The sheer numbers, causing require additional operational costs for transportation and implementation.
- In the short term, especially for soils that have poor nutrient, organic fertilizer that requires a large amount so that a cost burden for farmers. While the reaction or response of plants to organic fertilizers are not as the spectacular artificial fertilizer.
The advantages of inorganic fertilizer
- Fast results were seen in plants
- The content of nutrient elements apparently
- Easy application
- Odorless
- Transportation is easy
Inorganic fertilizer shortage
- Resulting residue on the ground
- The use unwisely can damage soil
- The price of fertilizer is expensive
- Hygroscopic
- The texture of land was affected. Because chemical fertilizers should be supplied in large quantities over the years, but the longer the visible decline in production, meaning greater input costs and falling profits.
- Cause pollution to the environment through water, air, soil and plant life.
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